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Profilin (actin-binding protein) superfamily

SCOP classification
Root:   SCOP hierarchy in SUPERFAMILY [ 0] (11)
Class:   Alpha and beta proteins (a+b) [ 53931] (376)
Fold:   Profilin-like [ 55769] (10)
Superfamily:   Profilin (actin-binding protein) [ 55770]
Families:   Profilin (actin-binding protein) [ 55771]

 Superfamily statistics
Genomes (428) Uniprot 2013_05 PDB chains (SCOP 1.75)
Domains 1,150 1,365 12
Proteins 1,135 1,361 12

 Functional annotation
General category Processes_IC
Detailed category Cell motility

Document: Function annotation of SCOP domain superfamilies

Gene Ontology (high-quality)

(show details)
GO termFDR (singleton)FDR (all)SDFO levelAnnotation (direct or inherited)
Biological Process (BP)single-organism cellular process1.037e-050.0005701Least InformativeDirect
Biological Process (BP)localization5.361e-053.01e-05Least InformativeDirect
Biological Process (BP)cellular component organization or biogenesis02.975e-14Least InformativeDirect
Biological Process (BP)regulation of cellular process1.426e-060.003248Least InformativeInherited
Biological Process (BP)developmental process4.918e-050.02764Least InformativeInherited
Biological Process (BP)multicellular organismal process0.0002650.05957Least InformativeInherited
Biological Process (BP)regulation of metabolic process0.69010.9929Least InformativeInherited
Biological Process (BP)organelle organization0.00048570.0001828Moderately InformativeDirect
Biological Process (BP)regulation of cellular component organization2.196e-113.204e-11Moderately InformativeDirect
Biological Process (BP)macromolecular complex subunit organization0.076660.04135Moderately InformativeInherited
Biological Process (BP)single-organism developmental process0.13620.7432Moderately InformativeInherited
Biological Process (BP)anatomical structure morphogenesis0.0015590.008323Moderately InformativeInherited
Biological Process (BP)positive regulation of cellular process0.20330.3166Moderately InformativeInherited
Biological Process (BP)negative regulation of cellular process0.0014720.002162Moderately InformativeInherited
Biological Process (BP)macromolecule localization0.00018160.004491Moderately InformativeInherited
Biological Process (BP)nervous system development0.0092720.02411Moderately InformativeInherited
Biological Process (BP)regulation of biosynthetic process0.00016180.0481Moderately InformativeInherited
Biological Process (BP)regulation of gene expression0.00021860.05871Moderately InformativeInherited
Biological Process (BP)regulation of cellular metabolic process0.43180.8959Moderately InformativeInherited
Biological Process (BP)regulation of nitrogen compound metabolic process0.00020930.0566Moderately InformativeInherited
Biological Process (BP)tissue development0.00066160.002558Moderately InformativeInherited
Biological Process (BP)regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter2.074e-070.0006539InformativeDirect
Biological Process (BP)cytoskeleton organization1.34e-142.442e-14InformativeDirect
Biological Process (BP)actin filament-based process3.637e-111.019e-12InformativeDirect
Biological Process (BP)regulation of organelle organization1.86e-051.592e-05InformativeDirect
Biological Process (BP)tube development4.441e-055.836e-05InformativeDirect
Biological Process (BP)regulation of cellular component biogenesis00InformativeDirect
Biological Process (BP)embryonic morphogenesis2.869e-098.236e-08InformativeDirect
Biological Process (BP)tissue morphogenesis3.477e-095.716e-08InformativeDirect
Biological Process (BP)negative regulation of cellular component organization4.233e-122.543e-11InformativeDirect
Biological Process (BP)positive regulation of cellular component organization0.00015470.0003302InformativeDirect
Biological Process (BP)epithelium development4.639e-108.951e-07InformativeDirect
Biological Process (BP)regulation of anatomical structure size9.247e-121.55e-11InformativeDirect
Biological Process (BP)anatomical structure formation involved in morphogenesis0.00039120.002335InformativeInherited
Biological Process (BP)chordate embryonic development0.35970.3549InformativeInherited
Biological Process (BP)actin filament organization1.874e-072.531e-05Highly InformativeDirect
Biological Process (BP)morphogenesis of embryonic epithelium1.011e-051.356e-05Highly InformativeDirect
Biological Process (BP)regulation of cellular component size00Highly InformativeDirect
Biological Process (BP)regulation of actin cytoskeleton organization00Highly InformativeDirect
Biological Process (BP)tube formation1.034e-109.427e-10Highly InformativeDirect
Biological Process (BP)regulation of protein complex assembly1.363e-082.303e-10Highly InformativeDirect
Biological Process (BP)maintenance of location1.911e-143.583e-12Highly InformativeDirect
Biological Process (BP)negative regulation of cytoskeleton organization2.824e-061.991e-06Highly InformativeDirect
Biological Process (BP)epithelial tube morphogenesis0.20420.1864Highly InformativeInherited
Molecular Function (MF)binding1.079e-101.38e-08Least InformativeDirect
Molecular Function (MF)protein binding6.298e-157.978e-12Moderately InformativeDirect
Molecular Function (MF)anion binding0.0028478.661e-05Moderately InformativeInherited
Molecular Function (MF)cytoskeletal protein binding1.675e-135.3e-15InformativeDirect
Molecular Function (MF)lipid binding0.0053443.699e-05InformativeInherited

Document: GO annotation of SCOP domains

Gene Ontology (high-coverage)

(show details)
GO term FDR (all) SDFO level Annotation (direct or inherited)
Biological Process (BP) single-organism cellular process 0.0005701 Least Informative Direct
Biological Process (BP) localization 3.01e-05 Least Informative Direct
Biological Process (BP) cellular component organization or biogenesis 2.975e-14 Least Informative Direct
Biological Process (BP) regulation of cellular process 0.003248 Least Informative Inherited
Biological Process (BP) developmental process 0.02764 Least Informative Inherited
Biological Process (BP) multicellular organismal process 0.05957 Least Informative Inherited
Biological Process (BP) regulation of metabolic process 0.9929 Least Informative Inherited
Biological Process (BP) organelle organization 0.0001828 Moderately Informative Direct
Biological Process (BP) regulation of cellular component organization 3.204e-11 Moderately Informative Direct
Biological Process (BP) macromolecular complex subunit organization 0.04135 Moderately Informative Inherited
Biological Process (BP) single-organism developmental process 0.7432 Moderately Informative Inherited
Biological Process (BP) anatomical structure morphogenesis 0.008323 Moderately Informative Inherited
Biological Process (BP) positive regulation of cellular process 0.3166 Moderately Informative Inherited
Biological Process (BP) negative regulation of cellular process 0.002162 Moderately Informative Inherited
Biological Process (BP) macromolecule localization 0.004491 Moderately Informative Inherited
Biological Process (BP) nervous system development 0.02411 Moderately Informative Inherited
Biological Process (BP) regulation of biosynthetic process 0.0481 Moderately Informative Inherited
Biological Process (BP) regulation of gene expression 0.05871 Moderately Informative Inherited
Biological Process (BP) regulation of cellular metabolic process 0.8959 Moderately Informative Inherited
Biological Process (BP) regulation of nitrogen compound metabolic process 0.0566 Moderately Informative Inherited
Biological Process (BP) tissue development 0.002558 Moderately Informative Inherited
Biological Process (BP) regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter 0.0006539 Informative Direct
Biological Process (BP) cytoskeleton organization 2.442e-14 Informative Direct
Biological Process (BP) actin filament-based process 1.019e-12 Informative Direct
Biological Process (BP) regulation of organelle organization 1.592e-05 Informative Direct
Biological Process (BP) tube development 5.836e-05 Informative Direct
Biological Process (BP) regulation of cellular component biogenesis 0 Informative Direct
Biological Process (BP) embryonic morphogenesis 8.236e-08 Informative Direct
Biological Process (BP) tissue morphogenesis 5.716e-08 Informative Direct
Biological Process (BP) negative regulation of cellular component organization 2.543e-11 Informative Direct
Biological Process (BP) positive regulation of cellular component organization 0.0003302 Informative Direct
Biological Process (BP) epithelium development 8.951e-07 Informative Direct
Biological Process (BP) regulation of anatomical structure size 1.55e-11 Informative Direct
Biological Process (BP) anatomical structure formation involved in morphogenesis 0.002335 Informative Inherited
Biological Process (BP) chordate embryonic development 0.3549 Informative Inherited
Biological Process (BP) actin filament organization 2.531e-05 Highly Informative Direct
Biological Process (BP) morphogenesis of embryonic epithelium 1.356e-05 Highly Informative Direct
Biological Process (BP) regulation of cellular component size 0 Highly Informative Direct
Biological Process (BP) regulation of actin cytoskeleton organization 0 Highly Informative Direct
Biological Process (BP) tube formation 9.427e-10 Highly Informative Direct
Biological Process (BP) regulation of protein complex assembly 2.303e-10 Highly Informative Direct
Biological Process (BP) maintenance of location 3.583e-12 Highly Informative Direct
Biological Process (BP) negative regulation of cytoskeleton organization 1.991e-06 Highly Informative Direct
Biological Process (BP) epithelial tube morphogenesis 0.1864 Highly Informative Inherited
Molecular Function (MF) binding 1.38e-08 Least Informative Direct
Molecular Function (MF) protein binding 7.978e-12 Moderately Informative Direct
Molecular Function (MF) anion binding 8.661e-05 Moderately Informative Direct
Molecular Function (MF) cytoskeletal protein binding 5.3e-15 Informative Direct
Molecular Function (MF) lipid binding 3.699e-05 Informative Direct
Cellular Component (CC) intracellular non-membrane-bounded organelle 0.01441 Least Informative Inherited
Cellular Component (CC) cytoskeleton 0.0001524 Moderately Informative Direct
Cellular Component (CC) actin cytoskeleton 3.819e-05 Informative Direct

Document: GO annotation of SCOP domains

Worm Phenotype (WP)

(show details)
WP termFDR (all)SDWP levelAnnotation (direct or inherited)
Worm Phenotype (WP)sterile progeny0Moderately InformativeDirect

Document: WP annotation of SCOP domains

Arabidopsis Plant Ontology (AP)

(show details)
AP termFDR (all)SDAP levelAnnotation (direct or inherited)
Plant ANatomical entity (PAN)megasporophyll0Least InformativeDirect
Plant ANatomical entity (PAN)microsporophyll0Least InformativeDirect
Plant ANatomical entity (PAN)sepal0Least InformativeDirect
Plant ANatomical entity (PAN)petal0Least InformativeDirect
Plant ANatomical entity (PAN)androecium0Least InformativeDirect
Plant ANatomical entity (PAN)gynoecium0Least InformativeDirect
Plant ANatomical entity (PAN)collective leaf structure0Least InformativeDirect
Plant ANatomical entity (PAN)sporangium0Least InformativeDirect
Plant ANatomical entity (PAN)microgametophyte0Least InformativeDirect
Plant ANatomical entity (PAN)root0.3576Least InformativeInherited
Plant ANatomical entity (PAN)root tip2.222e-05InformativeDirect
Plant ANatomical entity (PAN)anther2.534e-06Highly InformativeDirect

Document: AP annotation of SCOP domains

UniProtKB KeyWords (KW)

(show details)
KW termFDR (all)SDKW levelAnnotation (direct or inherited)
Cellular componentCytoplasm0Least InformativeDirect
Cellular componentCytoskeleton0Moderately InformativeDirect
DiseaseAllergen0Moderately InformativeDirect
Molecular functionActin-binding0InformativeDirect

Document: KW annotation of SCOP domains

InterPro annotation
Cross references IPR002097 SSF55770 Protein matches
Abstract Profilin is a small eukaryotic protein that binds to monomeric actin (G-actin) in a 1:1 ratio thus preventing the polymerization of actin into filaments (F-actin). It can also in certain circumstance promote actin polymerization. Profilin also binds to polyphosphoinositides such as PIP2. Overall sequence similarity among profilin from organisms which belong to different phyla (ranging from fungi to mammals) is low, but the N-terminal region is relatively well conserved. That region is thought to be involved in the binding to actin.

A protein structurally similar to profilin is present in the genome of Variola virus and Vaccinia virus (gene A42R).

Some of the proteins in this family are allergens. Allergies are hypersensitivity reactions of the immune system to specific substances called allergens (such as pollen, stings, drugs, or food) that, in most people, result in no symptoms. A nomenclature system has been established for antigens (allergens) that cause IgE-mediated atopic allergies in humans [WHO/IUIS Allergen Nomenclature Subcommittee King T.P., Hoffmann D., Loewenstein H., Marsh D.G., Platts-Mills T.A.E., Thomas W. Bull. World Health Organ. 72:797-806(1994)]. This nomenclature system is defined by a designation that is composed of the first three letters of the genus; a space; the first letter of the species name; a space and an arabic number. In the event that two species names have identical designations, they are discriminated from one another by adding one or more letters (as necessary) to each species designation.

The allergens in this family include allergens with the following designations: Ara t 8, Bet v 2, Cyn d 12, Hel a 2, Mer a 1 and Phl p 11.


InterPro database

PDBeMotif information about ligands, sequence and structure motifs
Cross references PDB entries
Ligand binding statistics
Nucleic-acid binding statistics
Occurrence of secondary structure elements
Occurrence of small 3D structural motifs

PDBeMotif resource

Jump to [ Top of page · SCOP classification · InterPro annotation · PDBeMotif links · Functional annotation · Gene Ontology (high-quality) · Gene Ontology (high-coverage) · Worm Phenotype (WP) · Arabidopsis Plant Ontology (AP) · UniProtKB KeyWords (KW) ]

Internal database links

Browse genome assignments for this superfamily. The SUPERFAMILY hidden Markov model library has been used to carry out SCOP domain assignments to all genomes at the superfamily level.

Alignments of sequences to 9 models in this superfamily are available by clicking on the 'Alignments' icon above. PDB sequences less than 40% identical are shown by default, but any other sequence(s) may be aligned. Select PDB sequences, genome sequences, or paste in or upload your own sequences.


Browse and view proteins in genomes which have different domain combinations including a Profilin (actin-binding protein) domain.

Examine the distribution of domain superfamilies, or families, across the major taxonomic kingdoms or genomes within a kingdom. This gives an immediate impression of how superfamilies, or families, are restricted to certain kingdoms of life.


Explore domain occurrence network where nodes represent genomes and edges are domain architectures (shared between genomes) containing the superfamily of interest.

There are 9 hidden Markov models representing the Profilin (actin-binding protein) superfamily. Information on how the models are built, and plots showing hydrophobicity, match emmission probabilities and insertion/deletion probabilities can be inspected.


Jump to [ Top of page · SCOP classification · InterPro annotation · PDBeMotif links · Functional annotation · Gene Ontology (high-quality) · Gene Ontology (high-coverage) · Worm Phenotype (WP) · Arabidopsis Plant Ontology (AP) · UniProtKB KeyWords (KW) · Internal database links ]
Please cite: Gough, J., Karplus, K., Hughey, R. and Chothia, C. (2001). "Assignment of Homology to Genome Sequences using a Library of Hidden Markov Models that Represent all Proteins of Known Structure." J. Mol. Biol., 313(4), 903-919.

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© Copyright 2013 The SUPERFAMILY authors and Julian Gough.